What is Pars Plana Vitrectomy?
Pars plana vitrectomy is a microsurgical procedure that removes the vitreous gel from the eye to treat various retinal conditions. This advanced surgery allows direct access to the retina for repair of complex problems that cannot be treated with other methods.
Common Indications
Retinal Detachment
Complex detachments requiring internal repair
Macular Hole
Full-thickness defects in central retina
Epiretinal Membrane
Scar tissue removal from retinal surface
Diabetic Retinopathy
Severe proliferative disease with bleeding
Surgical Technique
Procedure Steps:
- Three small incisions (20, 23, or 25 gauge)
- Removal of vitreous gel with specialized instruments
- Treatment of specific retinal pathology
- Membrane peeling when indicated
- Laser photocoagulation as needed
- Gas or silicone oil injection for support
Advanced Technology
Modern small-gauge techniques minimize incision size and speed recovery. Most procedures are sutureless with faster healing.
What to Expect
Before Surgery
- Pre-operative medical clearance
- Review medications with doctor
- Arrange transportation home
- Nothing to eat/drink after midnight
During Surgery
- Outpatient procedure (1-3 hours)
- Local anesthesia with sedation
- Performed in surgery center
- Microscopic precision techniques
After Surgery
- Eye patch and shield protection
- Prescribed eye drops for healing
- Positioning requirements if gas used
- Gradual vision improvement over weeks
Recovery Timeline
First Week
Eye patch, frequent drops, limited activity
2-4 Weeks
Gradual activity increase, continued eye drops
6-12 Weeks
Maximum visual improvement, full healing
Special Post-Operative Requirements
Gas Bubble Positioning
- Face-down positioning may be required
- Duration varies from days to weeks
- Specialized chairs and equipment available
- Critical for macular hole success
Travel Restrictions
- No air travel while gas bubble present
- Altitude changes must be avoided
- Bubble gradually dissolves over 2-6 weeks
- Vision blurry until bubble clears
Potential Risks
- • Infection (very rare)
- • Bleeding inside the eye
- • Increased eye pressure
- • Cataract development (common)
- • Re-detachment (uncommon)
- • Need for additional surgery
Modern techniques have significantly reduced complication rates.
Post-Operative Care Instructions
Essential Do's
- Use prescribed eye drops exactly as directed
- Wear eye shield while sleeping
- Maintain required head positioning
- Keep all follow-up appointments
- Contact doctor with concerns
- Take prescribed pain medications
Important Don'ts
- No heavy lifting (>10 pounds)
- No strenuous exercise for 2-4 weeks
- Don't rub or press on the eye
- No air travel with gas bubble
- Avoid getting water in the eye
- Don't skip medications or appointments
⚠️ Contact Us Immediately If You Experience
- Severe, worsening eye pain
- Sudden vision loss
- Increased floaters or flashing lights
- Curtain or shadow in vision
- Signs of infection (discharge, redness)
- Persistent nausea or vomiting
- Significant increase in eye pressure
- Any concerning changes
Emergency Contact: (574) 366-0554
Available 24/7 for post-surgical emergencies
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does the surgery take?
Vitrectomy typically takes 1-3 hours depending on the complexity of your condition. More complex cases involving multiple problems may take longer.
Will I need to maintain a face-down position?
Positioning requirements depend on your specific condition and whether a gas bubble is used. Macular holes typically require face-down positioning for 1-2 weeks.
When will my vision improve?
Vision improvement is gradual, occurring over 6-12 weeks. If a gas bubble was used, vision remains blurry until the bubble dissolves completely.
Will I develop a cataract?
Cataract development is common after vitrectomy, especially in patients over 50. This can be treated with routine cataract surgery when appropriate.
Questions About Vitrectomy Surgery?
Our surgical team will thoroughly explain the procedure, risks, benefits, and what to expect.
Schedule a Surgical Consultation